Bill of mental health: a first step in the right direction
the right to health
Introduction - In 2008 The Ministry of Health and Population of Egypt announced that it would draft a new law on mental health to the People, to replace the law in force since 1944 and so far, which carries the title (the law book with mental illnesses). These legislative initiative is an important occasion to discuss the issue of mental health from the perspective of human rights. The new bill is an opportunity to review the structure of the current legislative,
and the extent of compliance with legal obligations on the Egyptian government under the Egyptian Constitution and international law of human rights on ensuring the best possible level of mental health, and protect the rights of people with mental disorders and to prevent discrimination against them.
Presents the WHO Constitution of 1948 defines health as "a state of feeling full physical and psychological well-being and social development." The WHO has continued to emphasize the association and mutual influence between each of the physical health and mental health. 1 and highlights the importance of mental health as well as in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966, which stipulates that "the right of all individuals in the best attainable standard of physical and mental health." And confirmed the regional human rights conventions such as the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights, the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, and the American Convention on Human Rights on the same concept.
In parallel with these agreements and documents, the past decades have witnessed a revolution in the concepts of critical mental health and awareness of its importance, and in the ways of access to care and treatment for individuals with mental disorders. The draft new law in Egypt in response to these developments. In the submission of the project recalls the Secretariat of the Mental Health Department of Health and Population to the current law situation since more than sixty years were not treatment methods successful in the field of mental health has been discovered yet, which indicates an urgent need for law harmonizes the spirit of the times and scientific development and human rights standards. As stated in the explanatory memorandum to the bill that "the concept of psychotherapy change to become the primary objective of treating the patient and returned to the community to live a productive life, not his estrangement and isolation in facilities psychological long-term, as is the case under the law [current]."
The aim of the study to the analysis of this topic bill of mental health and human rights point of view to measure the relevance of human rights standards and international principles to practice, taking into account the development of psychiatric care in Egypt. The study will include historical background on the evolution of the concept of health and mental illness and ways to provide care and treatment in the world, and subjected to the close correlation between mental health issues and human rights, with reference to the most important international standards that protect the rights of individuals with mental disorders. The study in detail and then comment on the new draft law and display carried by the positive aspects compared to the current law, and then submitted detailed proposals to update and address some of the most important deficiencies in the bill.
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